Computer technology is evolving faster than ever, and the need for computer professionals is at an all-time high. Individuals with a background in computer technology are wanted nearly everywhere, from offices to universities, and even civic organizations.
There is a wide range of fields that you can enter once you have a computer science or related degree. These include computer engineering, computer science, and information technology. Most careers will require postsecondary education such as an associate or bachelor’s degree in computer science. Post-graduate degrees will help you increase your skills and enhance your opportunities.
Tuition will vary due to the vast expanse of programs and degrees available to the field. On average, an associate degree at a community college can cost about $3,500 per year. A bachelor’s degree at a public university costs closer to $10,000 annually, not including housing. Private universities run closer to $34,000 a year.
Computer Network Analyst
Main Article: Computer Networking Career
Computer network specialists oversee all technology implemented in an organization. Computer network specialists design, implement, secure, and troubleshoot networked computers within a company. Also referred to as a information technology (IT) specialist or a network administrator, computer network specialists are the ones to thank for a properly working computer system in a company or organization.
Your job is to solve problems, like when a computer freezes up, accounts have been hacked, or connection to a network cannot be reached. You also have extensive knowledge to secure and develop networked computers.
Network analysts are responsible for maintaining the security of a company’s network, troubleshooting calls and emails, and diagnosing issues and offering repair instructions remotely. To perform such tasks, you must have substantial knowledge of network connectivity, protocols, network security devices, network types, and operating systems.
Additionally, computer network specialists must monitor network access, security threats, problems with connectivity, and configure security devices to ensure the safety of company software systems and data. You’ll be working in the IT department of a company or business, and you will work closely with programmers, designers, and IT managers to complete each task.
Education
Network analysts must have good communication skills in both technical and non-technical language—you will deal with team members, vendors, internal and external clients, and technology professionals. It is crucial that a network analyst has the accurate knowledge of each machine and computer program to properly handle every troubleshooting error and customer complaint.
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To become one, you’ll need to:
- Get your high school diploma or GED.
- Get your bachelor’s degree in computer science, network technology, software engineering, or information security. Some companies will hire you with a certificate or an associate degree, but most prefer bachelor’s degrees.
- Through the education process, you will receive both classroom instruction and hands-on experience in network fundamentals.
- Several organizations offer professional certification in the computer network industry. Certifications allow you to demonstrate your knowledge of the networking to the desired employer. Certification can be earned in CompTIA’s Network+ and Security+ credentials, Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist, or Cisco’s Certified Network Professional.
Salary and Job Outlook
The Bureau of Labor Statistics states that in 2022, computer network professionals made an average salary of $76,060. In addition, the growth rate through 2031, is expected to increase at 6 percent, which is about average growth.
Computer Scientist
Computer scientists create powerful new technologies and solve roadblocks in computing technology. Computer scientists, also called information scientists, are the geniuses behind smartphones, tablet computers, and GPS computers. They solve complex problems in society by developing computer hardware, programs, software, and applications.
If you become a computer scientist, you will design new technologies and advance old technology into something better than before. You will work in various settings, like government agencies and engineering firms, on things such as database and information theory to numerical analysis, algorithm, and data structure design.
You could also work as part of a research team, full of computer programmers, information technology professionals, and mechanical or electrical engineers. Your team will investigate technological topics such as artificial intelligence, robotics, or virtual reality. By researching such topics, advancements toward new hardware or computer software can then take place.
Education
Executing such advanced and technical skill work in the computer science field takes close attention to detail, proper communication skills and strong math skills; and most importantly, a well-rounded education.
What You’ll Need:
- A high school diploma
- A four-year bachelor’s degree in computer science, information systems, or software engineering
- A master’s degree in computer science or computer engineering. You may also choose to pursue a PhD.
By earning your master’s, you will learn in-depth details about hardware and software systems, computational modeling, and program languages—all skills that will only advance and further a career in the computer science field.
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Salary and Job Outlook
The Bureau of Labor Statistics stated that computer scientists in 2022 averaged $155,880. The predicted growth rate of the industry is good as well. By 2031, the BLS reports that industry demand will increase by 21 percent, which is much faster than the national average.
With the constant demand for new technology, the demand for computer scientists will be persistent, as well.
Computer Engineer
Computer engineers are the reason websites loads so fast, you can secure your laptop with a password, and your software doesn’t crash every 20 minutes. As a computer engineer, you are responsible for helping computers work correctly by creating and testing their software. You play a vital role in the successful implementation of a business or home office computer.
You can work in a variety of workplaces and perform will tasks with team members. You might do the research and design of circuit boards, routers, and other computer equipment. Developing new computer games, business applications, or an entirely new operating system may also fall to you. Additionally, your tasks might include developing a company’s computer system, keeping it up, and providing tech support when needed.
Education
Regardless of which process you may be a part of, an education in the computer engineering field is crucial for success as a programmer.
- Get your high school diploma or GED.
- An associate’s degree in computer science or a related field is a good first step, but you’ll need to move onto a bachelor’s degree.
- You are required to get a bachelor’s degree in computer science.
- These degree programs cover database design, systems analysis, critical thinking and technical writing.
- You’ll also need your master’s degree. It can greatly increase job opportunities in the computer engineering field.
Computer engineers should be able to share ideas and instructions easily with teammates, and you need to think carefully through problems. Without these, your projects could result in disorganization and misunderstood directions. Many computer engineers are working with clients on a regular basis, making it necessary for them to have the ability to express computer information in simpler terms for basic understanding.
Salary and Job Outlook
The Bureau of Labor statistics reports that in 2022, computer engineers earned an average of $140,830. Industry demand for computer engineers by 2031 is expected to increase by 5 percent, which is about the national average.
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Database Management
As a database manager, sometimes called a database administrator, you will be responsible for developing and maintaining a company’s databases, storage methods, and retrieval systems. A company will rely on you to keep classified information safe, secure, and under control. Not only will you want to ensure that data is accessible for company use, but also, that it is incredibly secure. You will be responsible for implementing the necessary measures of doing so, and also for taking proactive measures when issues do arise.
What Database Managers Do
A database manager should be capable of using database tools and services, designing and programming databases, using analytics and necessary software, troubleshooting and conducting diagnostic tests, evaluating metrics, restoring lost data, and more.
A company may also rely on you for any technical support. You might want to pursue different certifications to increase your future earning potential. For a successful career as a database manager, you will want a degree or certificate in database management, computer science, or information science.
Salary and Job Outlook
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that in 2022 database managers earned an average of $102,530, with the top 10 percent making $153,870. The BLS also reports that demand for database managers is expected to increase 9 percent by 2031, which is slightly faster than the national average.
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Data Science
A data scientist collects and interprets information taken from large data samples using analytical, statistical, and computer-based knowledge/skills to help companies manipulate data toward their targeted users. As a data scientist, you will be expected to collect and interpret raw data, use KPIs, understand coding and algorithms, and relate it to your company’s specific marketing needs.
What Data Scientists Do
You will utilize technical processes to gather your findings and create strategies tailored to consumer needs. You will need strong programming skills, vast knowledge of software and statistics, mathematical skills, data interpretation, experience with data visualization tools, and a degree or certificate in data science or computer science. A range of businesses employ data scientists, including government agencies, large corporations, and research institutions. You may also want to pursue different certifications to increase your earning potential.
Salary and Job Outlook
According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics, data scientists in 2022 earned an average of $115,240 with the top 10 percent earning $174,790. The BLS also predicts that demand for data scientists is expected to increase 36 percent through 2031, which is much faster than the national average.
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Online Computer & IT Degrees
Online Computer & IT courses allow students the opportunity to access material when it’s most convenient for them. You can use an online learning platform to access and submit assignments, download lecture notes, watch instructional videos, and communicate with your peers and instructors.
Many schools offer online computer courses as individual courses or as part of a larger online bachelor’s or master’s degree programs in information technology, computer science, and related fields. These programs emphasize a variety of practices and theories that prepare you for opportunities in cutting-edge technology.
Students should look for technology-related programs that are recognized by the Association of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering (ATMAE). ATMAE acknowledges the importance of standards for technology and encourages continuous quality improvement through evaluation processes.
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Programming & Coding
Computer programmers teach computers to follow instructions so they operate correctly. These instructions have been created by software developers and engineers, with the intention of being written into a coded software program that a computer will be able to read.
You, the computer programmer, translates programs written by software developers and engineers and turns them into a code the computer is able to process. You’ll update and maintain computer programs, as well as consult with the management team to determine the program’s intent.
From writing programs in computer code to documenting program progress and conducting trial runs, you need to make sure the coding was correctly placed. If it doesn’t work the way it’s supposed to, then you’ll have to make corrections until it does work right. Some programs, such as mobile apps, are more simple to code and can take just a few days to write. Others, like computer operating systems, are more complex and can take months or years to complete. Revisions and repairs are frequently necessary due to the length of time that passes when coding a program.
Sometimes, you’ll find your job duties will run into those of software developers. When a programmer and software developer’s roles overlap, the computer programmer will not only be responsible for his or her duties regarding the coding of the program but also the designing of the program itself.
Education
A job in computer coding and programming requires dedication and a college degree.
- To enter the field, you’ll need an associate degree at minimum. During your education, you will receive instruction in computer languages, how to write code, and how to debug programs.
- You’ll get hands-on experience through internships and classroom participation.
- Bachelor’s degrees are available, and more and more employers are preferring their programmers and coders to have one.
- Keep up with your education through seminars and classes. It’s a necessity due to how quickly technology advances.
- To increase job prospects, you can choose to become certified in specific programming languages or programming products.
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Salary and Job Outlook
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported the average salary for programmers and coders in 2022 was $102,790. The BLS also reported that by 2031, the industry will experience a 10 percent decline in demand. If you are committed to becoming a programmer and coder, however, don't let the slight decline dissuade you. Be sure to maintain your education and qualification as technology advances. Staying on top of the latest technology will give you a competitive edge.
Check out online Cyber Security programs, which are great options if you are proficient in programming and coding.
Information Systems Manager
An information systems manager is a business executive who manages and implements computer and information technology systems. These executives improve the productivity and organization of a corporation. There are a lot of different titles attached to this job, from IT managers to IT project managers.
With corporations increasing productivity, hiring more employees, and needing an effective organization plan, you are a critical implementation to the corporate setting. You’ll be responsible for managing and implementing computer and information technology systems throughout the business you work at.
As an information systems manager, you are taking charge of each computer system within a company, which can become an overwhelming and stressful task. It is your duty to oversee installations of a system, purchase equipment such as hardware and software, and evaluate user needs. Additionally, putting a budget in place for new technology equipment, comparing competitive prices, recruiting and training new employees, implementing backup software in case of a crash, and attending informational workshops are a part of the day-to-day routine. Each task must be executed appropriately and effectively, as well as follow the software licensing laws.
Education
You can be hired for this position with a bachelor’s degree and experience, but many employers look for candidates with a master’s degree.
- Earning a master's in Information Systems Management can set you apart from other applicants and show an employer that you have a strong passion for this particular field.
- During your education, you will learn how to apply concepts of globalization to business challenges, evaluate up-and-coming technologies, apply business principles, and assess financial risks—both statistically and economically.
Having the ability to achieve a management position requires a capability to direct others. Staying current on business and technology is also necessary for the position. The further you push the educational outlet, the more opportunity you will encounter in the job market.
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Salary and Job Outlook
The Bureau of Labor Statistics states that computer information systems managers in 2022 averaged $173,670. By 2031, the industry is expected to experience an increased demand of 16 percent.
Software Engineer
A software engineer works in IT, designing, developing, and maintaining a company’s software. They create programs and operating systems for corporations to run smoothly, securely, and in a manner compliant with coding and design standards. As a software engineer, you will likely be hired to work for a company to implement and maintain their software systems and perform related services.
What Software Engineers Do
You will work with different operating systems including Java, different .NET programming, relational databases, etc. Other responsibilities of a software engineer include testing and troubleshooting, writing reliable and testable code, integrating software components into functional software systems, debugging and upgrading existing systems, developing verification procedures and quality assurance, launching programs, and more.
If you are technologically savvy with a passion for problem solving, then becoming a software engineer may be a perfect career fit for you.
You will work with other company IT professionals to maintain electronic files and databases. In addition, you might need to review the company’s project initiatives, and schedule any maintenance work around set dates to prevent any maintenance conflicts.
Education
An associate degree in software engineering takes 2 years to complete. Accelerated learning may also be available with certain certificate programs.
Salary and Job Outlook
According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 2022, software engineers earned an average of $132,930, with the top 10 percent making $198,100. The BLS also predicts that by 2031, demand for software engineers will increase 25 percent, which is much faster than the national average.
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Technical Writing
Main Article: Technical Writing
Career Talk: Freelance Tech Writer Interview
Career Talk: Corporate Tech Writer Interview
Technical writers think from both a consumer and producer standpoint as they complete the multitude of work on their plates. They establish simple ways to explain complex concepts in print and digital documents, as well as for videos. Additionally, technical communicators must proofread all of their work for spelling and grammar errors and provide new editions every couple of years.
In your writing, you will need to clearly explain every detail of a system or product to a reader/consumer through journal articles and instruction manuals that explain the product in basic terms. The hope is to help the consumer troubleshoot an issue themselves, without having to call 24-hour helplines. You will help improve the traffic flow within the technical support systems by creating how-to manuals, assembly instructions, references, and “frequently asked questions” pages.
Working with a team of various individuals such as hardware engineers, computer support specialists, and software developers, you need to manage the flow of information among team members while the testing process is occurring. Changes and improvements are usually addressed more efficiently when sharing and collaborating with the rest of the team.
Education
Most employers expect a technical writer to have a bachelor’s degree in journalism, English, or communications. Through the education process, you’ll learn how to write in a professional manner, embrace your creative strengths, and communicate accurate technical terminology in a simple way. Having a degree—as well as knowledge in a specialized field such as web design—provides an employer with the reassurance that you can perform the job efficiently and correctly.
There are a few voluntary certifications available to you. The Society for Technical Communication is one organization that provides credentials. If you are a technical writer in the medical industry, then you can look into the American Medical Writers Association for both continuing education and certification courses.
Salary and Job Outlook
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that technical writers earned an average salary of $86,760 in 2022. The demand for technical writers is expected to increase 6 percent by 2031, which is a little faster than the national average for all careers.